Governor for engines, motors, or the like.



E. D. SPIGER.

GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES, MOTORS, OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.15, 1913.

1,109,022, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

2 SHEEN-SHEET 1.

Fiec. l

gvwemboz wvtmeooeo 4Z4 wmli v B. n. SPIO'ER. GOVERNOR FOR ENGINES, MOTORS, OR THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.15, 1913.

' 1,109,022, Patented se t. 1,1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

5' '"fVIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII/Ifl y 22 II/III/IIIIIIIIIIIIIII"'G 7/ I (Mm K 61 HOLHQtJ the following is a Tail om'ima concern:- y

regulating devices and more the relay the-flow of motive fluid to far-man n. 'sr'rcn'n' goniwEilns-itiI-nm nr'zw v e-ax.

- ddvniiiiqa roe Exams; fl ret Be it knownthat 1, Emma D; Serena, a' citizen of the United States, residing at; Wells"1le',- inthehcounty of Allegany and State ofi New-York, have invented" certain new and usefulhnprovements in Governors for Eng-ines, Motors, or the like, 'of which specification.

.My' invention relates to improvements in especially of as are used to regulate type' such actuating pistons used to con rol; the movements of valves or regulator's which regulate the-flow of'energy *Theohjects" oii m'y. invention are; toz. construct and chaniealsiionnection tion, wear andnstiglimgt struct,-arrange and .35:

" loyed forefiieient;

' -i-fth; to allow the useot agovernorlproper andf atthe same time n'i'sme .4

" chines Sixth; to provi the machines or the like" ated in such speed for all ine,

yj'a -temporary: or momentary {incile the Sewn (to arrange the elements of the appa- 1 rams-so to insure theiabs'enceof any-mebetween. the regulator, the relay valve,'whereby ormain valve, an

by one dethe distancemoved through-r pendent upon the d istance moved/through to avoid the use of all floating. levers d;otheri similars-exped a parts and. give aan portunity 'ifor lost.mo'-.E-

Fourth; to conthat a governor of and -reliablei qpe tion.

which is adapted for large speed variations and -cons'tant.1speed 'of the regulated f ma-f isjyparticularly adapted to a; mixed pressure or g; ing a high. to. continue its travel and pick :up a low or-. high pressure valvee'withoua as is usually the ease, making the governor-too sensitive and stable operation ofii the motor.

will appear from the detailed;

de tiee he: inventmo I I v crisis ts of structural feayand g relative arrangements of the'ele mentswhichgwlll be hereinafter more fully parts of the fibeingcontrolled load is'changmgifor'mof energy exits,- which add tu-theinertia of the moymg.

proportion the parts so efem- {:and21 on relatively arranged as shown.

casing Q -and slidingly 'thesame is a great stability,

do a relay valve that h rein "the; valve after open or'low *P1'BSS11IY8 valve is required ,end 05 the sleeve o .-thedrop Pot speed, toogreat. for satisfacj't' ry Seventh; othe'r ob ects; and advantages of; the invention on rat Pat-tea Sept. 1, 1914. m3. Serial no. 896,810. 3 a

described and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.'- 1 Q In the'drawingsj in which similar referencerharacters indicate. the same parts in the several figures of the drawings: Figure a view, artly diagrammatic, and partly in section, 1 lustrating the an; enlarged central longitudinal section through a modified form of valve.

Y-Referring' to Fig. l of the drawings 1 is the main valve casing through which passes the fluid supply to the engine ormotor', not

shown, and desired to be controlled. Said' 76 valve casing is provided with the usual inlet 2 and=outlet 2', the connecting passageway by a main valve 3 adjusted a stem 4- 5. The

toand from 1ts seat by means of lattached to a regulating piston f valve3; stem 4 and piston 5 are rigidly eon- Enacted and move as onepiece. The piston e'is' 'contained within the cylinder 6 which has a: port 7 alcove the piston and a similar port'8- on'the other side of the piston. In

"the case ofelectrical machinery the regube replaced by a rheostat lating valve would flow ofelectrical energy,

for. controlling the and in the case of ilar; device for con flowing to is the relay ivalve =-:casing,

lling the particular the machine.

just covering ad acent edges of ports 14 new valve in a complete regulating device;

other machines by a snncylindrical in ishape, and having preferably screw threadedopen ends 10 an and 15 in casing 9. for purposes to be here 'inafter described. ,Ports;20 and 21 of the casing 9 are in icommunication and preferably connected Zbysuitahle-exterior piping 29 whose pas- {sageway is controlled by a needle or restrictingvalve '30. In the 'lower end 0% the casing 9 1s provided a piston 31 connected with a rod 32 passing through a stufing box in lid to casing 9 and one dram line from casing 9' to reservoir 42. Th

the lower end 11 of casing 9, said rod being connected to a rigid arm 33 firmly secure to valve stem 4 of the main valve 3. The requirement to be fulfilled in the case of piston 31 is that it be moved b a ti'avelof stem 4 the same distance as va ve 3, and in the same direction as the movement of valve 37, as hereinafter explained, which immediately precedes the movement of valve 3 and stem 4 just referred to. This movement of piston 31, is obtained by the arrangement just described, but may be propor-' tional to the movement of valve 3, and may be obtained by any means, such as a lever or levers, serving the same purpose as arm 33., Slidingly fitted within the bore ofthe movable sleeve 22 is a valve 37 consisting of three connected pistons 34, 35 and 36, attached to a-rod 37 passing out of the upper end 10 of the casing, the outer end of said rod 37 being linked by a suitablepivoted lever or levers '38, to any approved form' of speed governor, as shown for example by 39, the specific form of which, however, forms no essential part of my invention. Surrounding the rod 37 and resting on the top of the movable sleeve 22 and within the casing 9, is a coiled spring 40, the com pression -of which and hence the downward pressure upon the sleeve 22, can be regulated by means of an adjustable screw ca 41 engaging the threaded upper end 10 of the casing 9. The downward movement of the movable sleeve 22 is limited by means of a stop 22 for the purpose of preventing overtravel of the ports in the movable sleeve 22, such as would cause said sleeve become inoperative.

42 isa reservoir or any source of confined fluid supply, and 43 any approved form of pressure pump having its suction inlet ,connected by means of pipe 44 with said fluid connect the discharge or fluid pressure side pump. 3respectively with the ports 15 and 18 of the casing, and the ports 17 and '19 are connected with the fluid supply tank respectively by means of the pipes 47 and 48, which. lead to a common drain pipe 49 discharging into tank Ports 14 and 16 of the casing 9- are connected respectively by pipes 50 and 51," and then through pipe 52 and drain 49, to the supply tank 42. In arranging these connections in an actual construction vof the device here described there would be one supply line from pump e distribution of the supply and drain as above explained would be accomplished inthe case of each by inter communicating cored passages in the'bodyof easing 9.

The pipe 53 connects the port 12 of the casing 9with the lower port 8 ofthe cyl-- ,vfthe port The system is to be supplied with a fluid jmal position,

42. 'Pipes 45 and '46 2f with the up er port 7. All the ports mentioned in tl ie foregoing description when covered by a valve edge are supposed to be so covered without lap, that is, the part covering the port is to be exactly the same as the port covered where the width is the dimension from edge to edge of the port measured in the direction )Vith suchan arrangement, when the valve is covering the port, any motion will cause to open.

put under pressure in a closed system by the pump 43, and the preferred fluid is oil which at the same time not only lubricates all the sliding and wearing parts and'prevents the same from rusting or sticking and failure to compressibility, sitive,

In order to clearly comprehend the operation of the device, it will first be necessary to briefly explain the action of the movable sleeve 22 and the piston 31, the two most essential parts of the present invention. With the sleeve makes the apparatus senas shown in Fig. 1, the piston 311s held rigidly bv the piston 5 for the ports 23 and 24,:and thereby cut out the caslng 9 and shut o the fluidsupplyandpressure from the cylinder 6, confining the stationary. The space between the lower end of the sleeve 22 and the piston 31 is LQCCll'PiGd with fluid and the sleeve 22 is held down-against this fluid by spring 40. The port 14 in the casing 9 opens to a drain pipe 50, and port 15 is supplied by means of pipe a 'd under pressure, preferably port 26 in thesleeve 22 by means of pipe 46 communicating with the port 18 in the j casing. It Wlll then be seen that should the 28, would be put in communication with the port 20 and thefluid beneath the sleeve 22 would escape by port 21, pipe 29 and valve 30, through the port 14 and pipes 50, 52 and 49 into the the spring 40 would force the sleeve 22 further escape of'the fluid prevented; On' the other hand, should the sleeve 22 for any reason or as a result of the motion just described, tend to traveldown' past its central p sition shown in the drawings, the port 15 would-be opened and fluid] pressure would be admitted from ipe 45 through port 15, 'groove 28,

inder 6, and pipe 54 connects the port 13 to the underside of the sleeve 22 and force said sleeve upwardly against the compresfperform their function, but due to its in-' orts 12 and 13 in the fluid within said cylinder 6 on veach side of, .the piston 5, thereby holding the pistonsource as supplies fluid tosleeve 22 tend to move upward for any reason the port 14, by means of the groove down until the port 14 was closed and the of valve travel;

22 in the central ornorport 20, pipe 29 and valve 30,

sion of the spring-=40 back to its eentrel movement; oi piston j'or v alve1 32'ca1r'take position where the'ports 14' and will beplacea-l when'the 'POSltlOllS and condmons closed, as shown. From this description of abovezunentioned reachetihowever, the operation of sleeve 22 and piston 31,5 it sleeve-22 be :outro .1ts central pos1t1on= 5 will be seen that only in its central position and the- Q11) 15 heope l canthe sleete 22 be inequilibrium andthat... ously exp tuned, flu d enter throughthan when displaced from this central position; valve 30'to' the-under side ofasleeve1-22-and: even by ever so small an amount, itis-re cause 't be forced upw l- Thlswfl n turned by the very positive force of theto-agam open port 24 wh1ch w1ll,,aseabovet.; locompression f th spring 40, acting on it explained, cause a further closing-of valve 3 75, 1 upper end, or its approximate equal, the and thus a drop 1n speed of the machine ands: fluid pressure on its lower end, and the governor 39, andaraismg oi valve 37,'wh1c h.: rapidity with which this return of sleeve 22, a tl n tendsto close ports 23 and 24.

' is made, is controlled by adjusting the valve d wn m v m n the .Y 1 W111 15, 30, and thus the rate at which fluid can be. 3 50, through. arm 33 and 1517 11 t-C 80h admitted to or esca e from beneathsleeve. sleeve toniov d wn an aid the-'gover--'= 22;. It will also be seen that on accountof In 195; orts 23Land 24.. The ad-jthe spring 40 the sleeve 22 will temporarily m s l n f flu t gh valve 30 nd he;v

follow any movement of piston--31 down- PY -Q th g m 3 1 ward, and on account" of. the incompressi pl t n ial, p1s ton5, ar 3,". .d-va1ve 3, 1118135 85'- bility of the fluid'betweenits lower endfand g co t q= n s1eeve'22 the piston, will also temporarily be forced r a h n r p s wh he ys em. up by" any upwar 1 movement of the pis- V be 111 eq11111brl11m 11nt11 Q h ngeton 31 I I unload takes laces When.l'l6';ab03 Q-' PQSL-- The operation of the-invention is -as; ol t1on1s-n aehe 36 Wi 3 h n tt g'ets.

lows :--Ass1ime that the different arts of q st h m ve do pe et e a-e, the invention areconnected upand inposichine at't efractmnal'load and atrthen01! tion as indicated in Fig; 1', that thej'pump 43 1,1131 l W d, t eg v 9.:

is in operation to create a fluid-pressure, nd Valve 7 from n rentjpn nelpl c n;

so and that the governor 39 is being rotated b occupy only one position for the-:samaspeedt 95, the machine to be controlled which is openat- F r n me e se in load the action: 15 just ing at normal full load; should this load opposite-to that described, the-relay valve now be reduced to a fractional part 0 the caus ng-thesupply of motive flu d-to be vafull load the speed of the machine-,Woul "inrled tbfi l t e. j a on the machinez n fl so. crease and thegovernor-39 by mean ofethe th fl w i i th i gh h 'va ve 3 c ns- 1cc; pivoted link 38 and rod 37' would tdepre'ss in? the additional change necessary torethe valve 37 thus allowing the fluidurider. store the speed of the normal value. pressures-115mm pipe 46 to be admitted It willbe, seen, that-.theactiono'i myim throu h It 126 and 24 of the. sleev proved device, uptothe time the flow of 22 and t on h the pipe 54. to-the; up fluidgthrough valve 30 to or from the underr mn; or side of t e iston 5', and the-rfl ud sideoffsleeve 22 takes place, is exactly they;

om the u'ndersi e of the piston 5;; to-lrs'ame as. take place-in t e q p 'y yi' exhaust through pipe 53, ports- 23' and valve system with floatifig Levers ,,namely*a 25, and pipes 47 and 49, to*-reservoir change in-load causes a,-.variation il -speed.

;: As a result of thisaction-the piston 5, rod-4 Y 'of the machine and hence a movement 05in;

c and arm33-would travel down, and theatthe governor, relay valve and main valve,-the 3 tached valve 3 would decrease the flow .ofrelayvalve being restored to its centralpo motive fluid passing through-the discharge sition through suitable linkagesby the- 2' of the casing 1, tothe governed machine. i travel of the valve and thus "a .positiog 50 At the same time the iston 31 whichi (eons; ereached, with the j'chafige "of s 2 ,',where 11;

nected to arm 33 won d be moved downtand the system is tagaili a in equilibri man d; the. vas above explained, the sleeve 22 would folamount: oftmotive -fluid passed to the malow it. This action would result in a grad-- chine is jipst suflicientf for'ftheload; How ual closing-of the rts 23 and 24 and finally ever, ;wit the arrangement and" inventions.

23 and 24 would be covered by thevalve 37 tion tor powervhas been completed, thegiflow which is held depressed by the governor '39, offluid ithrough valve30 to the n ler side and the amount of fluid admitted by the of sleeve 22-;causes'an;additionalregulation'. valve'3 would be just sufficient to 0 rate the which with jconstantload'restoresfthefspeed v 0 machine. underthe condition of re uced load of.the regulated machine'ato .itsnormahvalu and the rise of speed which was necessary and; this ability to hold' he 'spedgconstantl to produce the required movement of the, 'for all loadson the machine is one of the governor 39 and the valves 37 and 3. When main features ofmy-inventiona the ports 23 and 24 are closed respectively It will also beseenthat the governor es y a position would reached when said ports herein. outlined,-assoon as the main regnlw gg e piston sections 35 and 36, no further and valve are mechanically separate' from the'main valve and that the main valve 3 can move through any required distance for only a small movement of the governor 39, an valve 37. For instance, by a succession of movements in the same direction the valve 37 can cause the valve 3 to travel a great distance, or with one movement the same result can be obtained ifthe valve 37 is held out of its central position for a sufiicient time, for as the movement of main valve 3 and piston 5 close the ports 23 and 24, the flow through valve-3O will open them'and hence there will be a restricted flow which will cause main valve .3 to travel continuously 1n the same direction, until the position of valve 37 1s varied to close the ports 23 4 and 24.

From the foregoing description of the operation it will also be seen that the sleeve 22 is temporarily caused to follow the piston 31, but is eventually returned to the same normal position by flow of the. fluid pressure through the valve 30 to or from the underside of the sleeve 22, irrespective of the position of the piston 31. The sleeve 22 at'the same time, in conjunction with the valve 37 governor 39, and cooperating parts as above explained, controls the flow of motive fluid to the governed machined As will be seen from the herewith submitted disclosure of the preferred form of 'my device and the principles of operation,

the objects and advantage of the invention as specified in the statement of, invention,

are fully and efficiently carried out with an apparatus which is comparatively small, cheap to manufacture, readily installed or taken apart for inspection'or repairs, and all the essentialparts can be seen during theirmperation, in order to quickly determine whether said parts are performing their function, and the governor is properly controlling the engine or motor in such .a manner as to preserve a constant speed of the same for any load within its capacity.

The modified form of the relay valve shown in Fig. 2 is the same in the essentialparticulars as that shown in Fig. 1 and the same disclosure as above given applies to the different parts, except instead of providing the ports 20 and 21, pipe connection- 29 with its throttling and needle valve 30, shown in Fig. 1, I have extended-the movable sleeve 22 and provided the same with a closed cylinder extension 55 having a port 56 connected with pressure pipe 45' and doing away with the port 14 and it's drain pipe 50, and placing the piston 31, having the small hole 57 through it, within the closed lower cylinder extension 55, ,said movable sleeve extension 55 and sleeve 22 being .acted' uponby a coil spring 58 inter; posed between the lower end of the extension 55 and bottom of the casing 9,as shown.

shown in Fig. 1. also be further varied by replacing the In this modification shown in Fig. 2 the small hole 57 through the piston 31 takes the place of valve 30 and the lower spring 58 takes the. place of the fluid pressure on the lower end of the movable sleeve 22, This arrangement can lower spring 58 shown in Fig. 2, by fluid pressure and having the lower end of the movable sleeve 22 control ports 14. and 15 by a groove 18, as shown in Fig. 1 to keep said sleeve in a central position.

What I claim is 1. A device for regulating the flow of motive fluid to the faces of actuating pistons such as are used to regulate the movements of valves or regulators controlling the flowof energy to motors, engines, ma-

chines or the like; comprising a valve casing having a plurality of ports adapted to accommodate, the motive fluid as it .passes to and exhausts from the faces of the actuating piston; a primary valve having a plurality of ports adapted to register with ports in the casing; a secondary valve-coacting with the prunary valve and adapted to be controlled by a suitable speed governor or similar device, dependent upon the regulated machine, for controlling the ports 'in the primary valve and the flo of fluid and pressure to and from the faces of the actuating piston; means for causing the primary valve to normally occupy a definite position relative to the valve casing; means independent of but co-aoting with the primary valve and adapted to be controlled by the movement of the actuating piston for causing displacement of the primary valve from its normal position; and means for causing the rimary valve to return to its normal positlon when displaced therefrom. v

2. Aftlevice for regulating the flow of motive fluid to the faces of actuating pistons such as are used to regulate the movements of valves orregulators controlling the flow of energy to motors, engines, machines or the like, comprising a valve casing having a plurality of ports adapted to accommodate the motive fluid as it passes to and exhausts from the faces of the actuating piston; a primary valve having a plurality of ports adapted to register with ports in the. casing; a secondary valve co-act ng' with the primary valve and adapted to be controlled by a suitable speed governor or sumlar device, dependent upon the regulated machine, for controlling the ports in the primary valve and the flow of fluid and pressure to and from the faces of the actuating piston; means for causing the primary valve to normally occupy a definite position relative to the valve casing; means independent of but co-acting with theprimary valve and adapted to be controlled by the racemes movement of the. actuating piston for caus mgdisplacement of the primary valve from its normal position; means for] causing the primary valve to return to 1ts normal posttion when displaced therefrom; and means for-regulating the cooperation between the primary valve and the displacing means and for regulating the v time required for the primary valve to return from .a displaced to its normal position.

3. A device for regulating the flow of motive fluid to the faces of actuating pistons such as are used to regulate the movements of valves or regulators controlling the flow vvalve. and adapted to be controlled by a of energy to motors, engines, machines or thelike; comprising a valve casing having a plurality of ports adapted to accommodate the motive fluid as it passes to and exhausts from the faces of the actuating piston; a primary valve having a plurality of ports adapted to register with ports inthe casing; a secondary valve co-acting with the primary suitable speed governor or similar device", dependent upon the regulated machine, for

controllingftheiports in-the primary valve and the flow of fluid and pressure to and 'fromthe faces of. the actuating piston;

means for causing. the primary valve to normally occupy a definite position relative to the valve casing; means independent of. but co-acting with the. rimary valve and adapted to be controlled y the movement; of

the actuating piston for causing displace-= ment of the primary valve from its normal;

position; means for causing the primary valve to return to 'its normal position when displaced therefrom; means for regulating the cooperation between-the primary valve and the displacing means and for regulat ing the time required for: the primary valve to return from a displaced to its normal position; and means for preventing excessive displacementof the primary valve such as would prevent the otherwise 'proper performance of the functions ascribed to it.

4. A device for regulating thezflow of motive fluid to the faces of actuating pistons such as are used to regulate the movements of valves or regulators controlling the flow of energy to motors, engines, machines or the like; comprising a valve casing having a plurality of ports adapted. to accommodate the motive fluid as it passes to and exhausts from the faces of the actuating piston; primary valve having a' plurality of ports adaptedto register with ports in the casing;

a secondary valve co-acting with the primary .valve and adapted to be controlled by a suitable speed governor or similar device,

dependent upon the regulated machine, for

controlling the ports in the primaryvalve and the flow of fluid'and pressure to and from the faces of. the actuating piston; means for causing theprimar y valve as but .co-acting with the normally occupy a-definite position relative t9 the valve casing; means independent of adapted to be controlled the movement of the'actuating piston for causing displace ment of the primarywalve from-its normal position; .means for causing the primaryvalveto return to its normal position when displaced therefrom; means for regulating the codperation. between the primary valve and the displacing means and for regulating the-time required for the primary valve to return from a displaced to its normal position; means for preventing excessive,

displacement-of the primary valve suchaswould-"prevent the otherwise proper performance of the functions ascribed to} it and means" for preventing the e'scape f fiuid asleakage tothe outside of: the valve case.

' 5. A devicefor regulating Ma 0m tive fluid to the faces of actuatingpistons suchas arelnsed-to regulate the movements of valves-or regulators controllingthe flow of energyto motors, engines; 'machinesrori the like comprising 'a valve: casing having primary valve and a plurality of ports adapted {to accommodate the motive fluid as it passes to and-exhausm from the faces of the actuating piston; a .iprimary valve having-a'plurality of'ports' adapted to register with portsin th'e seeing;

a secondary valve .=co-actilgw=-wi th maps- I ed to be controlled by the movement of the I actuating; piston for causing 1 displacement of the :primary valve from its normal position; means for causingthe primary valve to return to its normal position when displaced therefrom; means for regulating the cooperation between the primary valve and the displacing means and for regulating the time required for the primary valve to re turn from a displaced to its normal position; means for preventing excessive displacement of, the primary valve such as.

would prevent the otherwise proper performance of the functions ascribed to it; means for'preventing the escape of fluid as leakage to the outside of the valve case; and

-means for preventing the accumulation offiuid at such points as would hinder or prevent the otherwise proper performance of the functions ascribed to the various parts of the device.

6. A device for regulating the flow of motive fluid w the races of actuating piston;

ree

such as are used to regulate the movements of valves or regulators controlling the flow of energy to motors, engines, machines or the like; comprising a fixed valve case having a plurality of ports adapted to accommodate the motive fluid as it passes to and exhausts from the faces of the actuating piston; a hollow primary valve slidable within said casing having a plurality of ports adapted ,to register-with corresponding ports in the casing for allallowed relative positions of the valve and easing, said ports inthe primary valve extending from the outside surface to the hollow interior of the valve and being adapted to be so controlled by the. secondary valve that the rate of flow to or from the faces of the actuating pistons is dependent upon the relative displacement of the valve from the closed position described below, said port being also adapted to form passages for conducting the motive fluid; a cylindrical secondary valve adapted to be controlled by a suitable speed governor or similar device dependent upon the regulated machine, said secondary valve coacting with and within the primary valve for preventing, for one relative position of the primary and secondary valves, the flow of motive fluidto or from the faces of the actuating piston; for allowing, when the primary and secondary valves are relatively displaced in one direction from the positionjust described, such flow-of motive fluid as will cause mo ement of the actuating piston in one direction, and for allowing when the'primary and secondary valves are dis placed otherwise than above mentioned, such flow as will cause the; actuating piston to have a direction of movement opposite to that ascribed to it above; means for causing the primary valve to normally occupy a definite position relative to the valve casing;

means independent of but co-acting with the primary valve and adapted to be controlled by the movement of the actuating pistonfor causing a temporary movement of the primary valve from the normal position; such movement to bear any desired ratio to the movement of the actuating piston and be for the purpose of decreasing any existing relative displacement between'the primary and secondary valves and thus cause a restriction or temporarystoppage of the flow of motive fluidto the actuating piston; means for causing the primary valve to return to its normal-position when displaced therefrom, irrespective of the position of the displacing means and independent of any movement of the same,'such return being for the purpose of increasing any existing relative displacement between the secondary and primary valves and thus for increasing 4 the flow ofmotive fluid to and from the actuating piston; means for regulating the cooperation between the primary valve and the displacing means and for regulating the time required for the return of the primary valve from a displaced to its normal position; means for preventing excessive travel of the primary valve such as would prevent the otherwise proper performance of the functions ascribed to it, means for preventing the escape of fluid as leakage to the outside of the valve case; andmeans for preventing the accumulation of fluid at such points as would prevent the otherwise proper performance of the functions ascribed to the various parts ofthe device.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

I ELMER D. 'SPICER. Witnesses:

HERBnRrLIsH, Josnr Y. DAHLsrnAm). 

